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The pomander, a container for perfume generally made from metal with holes pierced in it to let out the selected fragrance, became widely used from the Middle Ages up to the XVIII century. Some pomanders were refined objects, adorned with precious gems: in France they were sometimes realized in crystal or in onyx.
Whoever could afford a pomander had one: not only for the evident purpose of disguising bad hygiene, but also because it was believed that fragrances had medicinal powers, even protection against the plague. From the XIV to the XVII century, these fragrance containers were usually worn around the neck or attached to the belt.
These objects were typically in a pear or apple shape, from French "ambers du pomme", apple ambers.
The pomanders were filled with a mixture of different resinous substances. Some models had more sections, to insert different fragrances and at times a compartment with a sponge soaked in balsamic vinegar. Also a nutmeg with a silver fitting was used as pomander and at times fruit was emptied and stuffed with aromas and spices.
Material often used in the pomanders were:
- Benzoin
- Storax
- Arabic rubber
- Laudanum
- Root of iris
- Musk
- Civet
- Grey amber
- Nutmeg
- Cloves
- Cinnamon
- Lavender
- I oil essential of rose
- Aloe Vera
- Camphor
- Tarragon
- Rosemary
- Spikenard